By No Bullshit Bitcoin in Research — Sep 20, 2022

Riot and Blockware Release Bitcoin Transaction Fee Research Report

For users of Bitcoin, its transaction fees represent an unpredictable cost,
but a known benefit: global 24/7 digital final settlement of a highly liquid
asset. Historically, Bitcoin's transaction fees have been a small part of miners'
revenue relative to "minting" new BTC for the ledger, but long term these
fees may become the primary source of miners' revenue.
In this Blockware Intelligence Report, we describe:
• Who pays transaction fees and how fee rates are set
• Why high congestion fees are transitory
• How Bitcoin transactors could use fees to route around unreliable miners